Don't rely on default locale when using toUpperCase() and toLowerCase()

Otherwise these methods may produce unexpected results if used for
strings that are intended to be interpreted locale independently.
Examples are programming language identifiers, protocol keys, and HTML
tags. For instance, "TITLE".toLowerCase() in a Turkish locale returns
"t\u0131tle", where '\u0131' is the LATIN SMALL LETTER DOTLESS I
character.

See
https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html#toLowerCase--
http://blog.thetaphi.de/2012/07/default-locales-default-charsets-and.html

Bug: 511238
Change-Id: Id8d8f37d84d62239c918b81f8d883ed798d87656
Signed-off-by: Matthias Sohn <matthias.sohn@sap.com>

org.eclipse.jgit.lfs.server/src/org/eclipse/jgit/lfs/server/s3/SignerV4.java

@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.Date;
 import java.util.Iterator;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.SimpleTimeZone;
 import java.util.SortedMap;
@@ -247,7 +248,7 @@ class SignerV4 {
 		for (String header : sortedHeaders) {
 			if (buffer.length() > 0)
 				buffer.append(";"); //$NON-NLS-1$
-			buffer.append(header.toLowerCase());
+			buffer.append(header.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT));
 		}
 
 		return buffer.toString();
@@ -265,7 +266,8 @@ class SignerV4 {
 
 		StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder();
 		for (String key : sortedHeaders) {
-			buffer.append(key.toLowerCase().replaceAll("\\s+", " ") + ":" //$NON-NLS-1$ //$NON-NLS-2$ //$NON-NLS-3$
+			buffer.append(
+					key.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT).replaceAll("\\s+", " ") + ":" //$NON-NLS-1$ //$NON-NLS-2$ //$NON-NLS-3$
 					+ headers.get(key).replaceAll("\\s+", " ")); //$NON-NLS-1$//$NON-NLS-2$
 			buffer.append("\n"); //$NON-NLS-1$
 		}

org.eclipse.jgit.lfs.test/tst/org/eclipse/jgit/lfs/lib/LongObjectIdTest.java

@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ import java.nio.charset.Charset;
 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.util.Locale;
 
 import org.eclipse.jgit.junit.JGitTestUtil;
 import org.eclipse.jgit.lfs.errors.InvalidLongObjectIdException;
@@ -152,7 +153,7 @@ public class LongObjectIdTest {
 	public void test011_toString() {
 		final String x = "0123456789ABCDEFabcdef01234567890123456789ABCDEFabcdef0123456789";
 		final LongObjectId oid = LongObjectId.fromString(x);
-		assertEquals(x.toLowerCase(), oid.name());
+		assertEquals(x.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT), oid.name());
 	}
 
 	@Test

org.eclipse.jgit.lfs/src/org/eclipse/jgit/lfs/LfsPointer.java

@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ import java.io.PrintStream;
 import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
 import java.nio.charset.UnsupportedCharsetException;
+import java.util.Locale;
 
 import org.eclipse.jgit.annotations.Nullable;
 import org.eclipse.jgit.lfs.lib.AnyLongObjectId;
@@ -79,7 +80,7 @@ public class LfsPointer {
 	 * evaluate to "sha256"
 	 */
 	public static final String HASH_FUNCTION_NAME = Constants.LONG_HASH_FUNCTION
-			.toLowerCase().replace("-", ""); //$NON-NLS-1$ //$NON-NLS-2$
+			.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT).replace("-", ""); //$NON-NLS-1$ //$NON-NLS-2$
 
 	private AnyLongObjectId oid;
 

org.eclipse.jgit.pgm/src/org/eclipse/jgit/pgm/Log.java

@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.Iterator;
 import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
 
@@ -102,8 +103,8 @@ class Log extends RevWalkTextBuiltin {
 
 	@Option(name = "--date", usage = "usage_date")
 	void dateFormat(String date) {
-		if (date.toLowerCase().equals(date))
+		if (date.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT).equals(date))
-			date = date.toUpperCase();
+			date = date.toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT);
 		dateFormatter = new GitDateFormatter(Format.valueOf(date));
 	}
 

org.eclipse.jgit.pgm/src/org/eclipse/jgit/pgm/Main.java

@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ import java.net.URL;
 import java.text.MessageFormat;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
 
 import org.eclipse.jgit.awtui.AwtAuthenticator;
 import org.eclipse.jgit.awtui.AwtCredentialsProvider;
@@ -240,7 +241,8 @@ public class Main {
 		}
 
 		if (version) {
-			String cmdId = Version.class.getSimpleName().toLowerCase();
+			String cmdId = Version.class.getSimpleName()
+					.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
 			subcommand = CommandCatalog.get(cmdId).create();
 		}
 

org.eclipse.jgit.test/tst/org/eclipse/jgit/lib/ObjectIdTest.java

@@ -49,6 +49,8 @@ import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 
+import java.util.Locale;
+
 import org.eclipse.jgit.errors.InvalidObjectIdException;
 import org.junit.Test;
 
@@ -122,7 +124,7 @@ public class ObjectIdTest {
 	public void test011_toString() {
 		final String x = "0123456789ABCDEFabcdef1234567890abcdefAB";
 		final ObjectId oid = ObjectId.fromString(x);
-		assertEquals(x.toLowerCase(), oid.name());
+		assertEquals(x.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT), oid.name());
 	}
 
 	@Test(expected = InvalidObjectIdException.class)

org.eclipse.jgit.test/tst/org/eclipse/jgit/transport/WalkEncryptionTest.java

@@ -85,6 +85,7 @@ import java.security.Security;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
 import java.util.Properties;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.TreeSet;
@@ -461,7 +462,7 @@ public class WalkEncryptionTest {
 			Set<String> source = Security.getAlgorithms("Cipher");
 			Set<String> target = new TreeSet<String>();
 			for (String algo : source) {
-				algo = algo.toUpperCase();
+				algo = algo.toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT);
 				if (algo.matches(regex)) {
 					target.add(algo);
 				}
@@ -759,7 +760,7 @@ public class WalkEncryptionTest {
 			for (String source : cipherSet) {
 				// Standard names are not case-sensitive.
 				// http://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/guides/security/StandardNames.html
-				String target = algorithm.toUpperCase();
+				String target = algorithm.toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT);
 				if (source.equalsIgnoreCase(target)) {
 					return true;
 				}

org.eclipse.jgit/src/org/eclipse/jgit/api/MergeCommand.java

@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.LinkedList;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
 import java.util.Map;
 
 import org.eclipse.jgit.api.MergeResult.MergeStatus;
@@ -134,7 +135,7 @@ public class MergeCommand extends GitCommand<MergeResult> {
 		FF_ONLY;
 
 		public String toConfigValue() {
-			return "--" + name().toLowerCase().replace('_', '-'); //$NON-NLS-1$
+			return "--" + name().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT).replace('_', '-'); //$NON-NLS-1$
 		}
 
 		public boolean matchConfigValue(String in) {

org.eclipse.jgit/src/org/eclipse/jgit/internal/storage/file/FileRepository.java

@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ import java.io.IOException;
 import java.text.MessageFormat;
 import java.text.ParseException;
 import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Locale;
 import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.Set;
 
@@ -342,7 +343,7 @@ public class FileRepository extends Repository {
 		if (symLinks != null)
 			cfg.setString(ConfigConstants.CONFIG_CORE_SECTION, null,
 					ConfigConstants.CONFIG_KEY_SYMLINKS, symLinks.name()
-							.toLowerCase());
+							.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT));
 		cfg.setInt(ConfigConstants.CONFIG_CORE_SECTION, null,
 				ConfigConstants.CONFIG_KEY_REPO_FORMAT_VERSION, 0);
 		cfg.setBoolean(ConfigConstants.CONFIG_CORE_SECTION, null,

org.eclipse.jgit/src/org/eclipse/jgit/lib/Config.java

@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ import java.text.MessageFormat;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
@@ -895,7 +896,7 @@ public class Config {
 		if (value instanceof ConfigEnum)
 			n = ((ConfigEnum) value).toConfigValue();
 		else
-			n = value.name().toLowerCase().replace('_', ' ');
+			n = value.name().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT).replace('_', ' ');
 		setString(section, subsection, name, n);
 	}
 

org.eclipse.jgit/src/org/eclipse/jgit/patch/FormatError.java

@@ -43,6 +43,8 @@
 
 package org.eclipse.jgit.patch;
 
+import java.util.Locale;
+
 import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.Constants;
 import org.eclipse.jgit.util.RawParseUtils;
 
@@ -102,7 +104,7 @@ public class FormatError {
 	@Override
 	public String toString() {
 		final StringBuilder r = new StringBuilder();
-		r.append(getSeverity().name().toLowerCase());
+		r.append(getSeverity().name().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT));
 		r.append(": at offset "); //$NON-NLS-1$
 		r.append(getOffset());
 		r.append(": "); //$NON-NLS-1$

org.eclipse.jgit/src/org/eclipse/jgit/revwalk/FooterKey.java

@@ -43,6 +43,8 @@
 
 package org.eclipse.jgit.revwalk;
 
+import java.util.Locale;
+
 import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.Constants;
 
 /** Case insensitive key for a {@link FooterLine}. */
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ public final class FooterKey {
 	 */
 	public FooterKey(final String keyName) {
 		name = keyName;
-		raw = Constants.encode(keyName.toLowerCase());
+		raw = Constants.encode(keyName.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT));
 	}
 
 	/** @return name of this footer line. */

org.eclipse.jgit/src/org/eclipse/jgit/submodule/SubmoduleWalk.java

@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ package org.eclipse.jgit.submodule;
 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.text.MessageFormat;
+import java.util.Locale;
 
 import org.eclipse.jgit.dircache.DirCache;
 import org.eclipse.jgit.dircache.DirCacheIterator;
@@ -663,7 +664,8 @@ public class SubmoduleWalk implements AutoCloseable {
 				ConfigConstants.CONFIG_KEY_IGNORE);
 		if (name == null)
 			return null;
-		return IgnoreSubmoduleMode.valueOf(name.trim().toUpperCase());
+		return IgnoreSubmoduleMode
+				.valueOf(name.trim().toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT));
 	}
 
 	/**

org.eclipse.jgit/src/org/eclipse/jgit/transport/HttpAuthMethod.java

@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Map.Entry;
 import java.util.Random;
@@ -168,7 +169,8 @@ abstract class HttpAuthMethod {
 									SCHEMA_NAME_SEPARATOR, 2);
 
 							try {
-								Type methodType = Type.valueOf(valuePart[0].toUpperCase());
+								Type methodType = Type.valueOf(
+										valuePart[0].toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT));
 
 								if ((ignoreTypes != null)
 										&& (ignoreTypes.contains(methodType))) {
@@ -540,7 +542,7 @@ abstract class HttpAuthMethod {
 			GSSManager gssManager = GSS_MANAGER_FACTORY.newInstance(conn
 					.getURL());
 			String host = conn.getURL().getHost();
-			String peerName = "HTTP@" + host.toLowerCase(); //$NON-NLS-1$
+			String peerName = "HTTP@" + host.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT); //$NON-NLS-1$
 			try {
 				GSSName gssName = gssManager.createName(peerName,
 						GSSName.NT_HOSTBASED_SERVICE);

org.eclipse.jgit/src/org/eclipse/jgit/transport/NetRC.java

@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ import java.io.FileReader;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Locale;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.TreeMap;
 import java.util.regex.Matcher;
@@ -230,7 +231,7 @@ public class NetRC {
 
 				matcher.reset(line);
 				while (matcher.find()) {
-					String command = matcher.group().toLowerCase();
+					String command = matcher.group().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
 					if (command.startsWith("#")) { //$NON-NLS-1$
 						matcher.reset(""); //$NON-NLS-1$
 						continue;

org.eclipse.jgit/src/org/eclipse/jgit/transport/TransportGitSsh.java

@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.EnumSet;
 import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
 import java.util.Set;
 
 import org.eclipse.jgit.errors.NoRemoteRepositoryException;
@@ -217,11 +218,12 @@ public class TransportGitSsh extends SshTransport implements PackTransport {
 		public Process exec(String command, int timeout)
 				throws TransportException {
 			String ssh = SystemReader.getInstance().getenv("GIT_SSH"); //$NON-NLS-1$
-			boolean putty = ssh.toLowerCase().contains("plink"); //$NON-NLS-1$
+			boolean putty = ssh.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT).contains("plink"); //$NON-NLS-1$
 
 			List<String> args = new ArrayList<String>();
 			args.add(ssh);
-			if (putty && !ssh.toLowerCase().contains("tortoiseplink")) //$NON-NLS-1$
+			if (putty
+					&& !ssh.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT).contains("tortoiseplink")) //$NON-NLS-1$
 				args.add("-batch"); //$NON-NLS-1$
 			if (0 < getURI().getPort()) {
 				args.add(putty ? "-P" : "-p"); //$NON-NLS-1$ //$NON-NLS-2$

org.eclipse.jgit/src/org/eclipse/jgit/transport/WalkEncryption.java

@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
 import java.security.spec.AlgorithmParameterSpec;
 import java.security.spec.KeySpec;
 import java.text.MessageFormat;
+import java.util.Locale;
 import java.util.Properties;
 import java.util.regex.Matcher;
 import java.util.regex.Pattern;
@@ -192,7 +193,7 @@ abstract class WalkEncryption {
 
 			// Standard names are not case-sensitive.
 			// http://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/guides/security/StandardNames.html
-			String cryptoName = cryptoAlg.toUpperCase();
+			String cryptoName = cryptoAlg.toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT);
 
 			if (!cryptoName.startsWith("PBE")) //$NON-NLS-1$
 				throw new GeneralSecurityException(JGitText.get().encryptionOnlyPBE);
@@ -373,7 +374,7 @@ abstract class WalkEncryption {
 
 			SecretKey keyBase = factory.generateSecret(keySpec);
 
-			String name = cipherAlgo.toUpperCase();
+			String name = cipherAlgo.toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT);
 			Matcher matcherPBE = Pattern.compile(REGEX_PBE).matcher(name);
 			Matcher matcherTrans = Pattern.compile(REGEX_TRANS).matcher(name);
 			if (matcherPBE.matches()) {
@@ -506,7 +507,7 @@ abstract class WalkEncryption {
 		JGitV1(String algo, String pass)
 				throws GeneralSecurityException {
 			super(wrap(algo, pass));
-			String name = cipherAlgo.toUpperCase();
+			String name = cipherAlgo.toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT);
 			Matcher matcherPBE = Pattern.compile(REGEX_PBE).matcher(name);
 			if (!matcherPBE.matches())
 				throw new GeneralSecurityException(

org.eclipse.jgit/src/org/eclipse/jgit/util/FileUtils.java

@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@ import java.text.Normalizer;
 import java.text.Normalizer.Form;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
 import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 
 import org.eclipse.jgit.internal.JGitText;
@@ -542,7 +543,8 @@ public class FileUtils {
 	public static boolean isStaleFileHandle(IOException ioe) {
 		String msg = ioe.getMessage();
 		return msg != null
-				&& msg.toLowerCase().matches("stale .*file .*handle"); //$NON-NLS-1$
+				&& msg.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT)
+						.matches("stale .*file .*handle"); //$NON-NLS-1$
 	}
 
 	/**