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documentation, see the <b><a href="/">latest version</a></b> (<!-- -->Latest<!-- -->).</div></div><div class="docItemContainer_Djhp"><article><nav class="theme-doc-breadcrumbs breadcrumbsContainer_Z_bl" aria-label="Breadcrumbs"><ul class="breadcrumbs" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/BreadcrumbList"><li class="breadcrumbs__item"><a aria-label="Home page" class="breadcrumbs__link" href="/"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="breadcrumbHomeIcon_YNFT"><path d="M10 19v-5h4v5c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1v-7h1.7c.46 0 .68-.57.33-.87L12.67 3.6c-.38-.34-.96-.34-1.34 0l-8.36 7.53c-.34.3-.13.87.33.87H5v7c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></a></li><li class="breadcrumbs__item"><span class="breadcrumbs__link">Product</span><meta itemprop="position" content="1"></li><li itemscope="" itemprop="itemListElement" itemtype="https://schema.org/ListItem" class="breadcrumbs__item breadcrumbs__item--active"><span class="breadcrumbs__link" itemprop="name">Primary Key</span><meta itemprop="position" content="2"></li></ul></nav><span class="theme-doc-version-badge badge badge--secondary">Version: 0.109.7 - Old UI</span><div class="tocCollapsible_ETCw theme-doc-toc-mobile tocMobile_ITEo"><button type="button" class="clean-btn tocCollapsibleButton_TO0P">On this page</button></div><div class="theme-doc-markdown markdown"><header><h1>Primary Key</h1></header><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="what-is-a-primary-key-">What is a Primary Key ?<a href="#what-is-a-primary-key-" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to What is a Primary Key ?" title="Direct link to What is a Primary Key ?">​</a></h2><ul><li>A primary key is a special database table column designated to uniquely identify each table record.</li></ul><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="what-is-the-use-of-primary-key-">What is the use of Primary Key ?<a href="#what-is-the-use-of-primary-key-" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to What is the use of Primary Key ?" title="Direct link to What is the use of Primary Key ?">​</a></h2><ul><li>As it uniquely identifies an individual record of a table, it is used internally by NocoDB for all operations associated with a record</li></ul><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="primary-key-in-nocodb">Primary Key in NocoDB<a href="#primary-key-in-nocodb" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Primary Key in NocoDB" title="Direct link to Primary Key in NocoDB">​</a></h2><ul><li>Primary Key that gets defined / used in NocoDB depends on how underlying table was created. Summary is captured below</li></ul><ol><li>From UI, Create new table / Import from Excel / Import from CSV<ol><li>An <code>ID</code> <!-- -->[datatype: Integer]<!-- --> system field created by default during table creation is used as primary key</li><li>Additional system fields <code>created-at</code>, <code>updated-at</code> are inserted by default &amp; can be omitted optionally; these fields can be deleted after table creation</li></ol></li><li>Connect to existing external database<ol><li>Existing <code>primary key</code> field defined for a table is retained as is; NocoDB doesn&#x27;t insert a new ID field</li><li>Additional system fields <code>created-at</code>, <code>updated-at</code> are not inserted by default</li></ol></li><li>Import from Airtable<ol><li>Airtable record ID is marked as primary key for imported records, and is mapped to field <code>ncRecordId</code> <!-- -->[datatype: varchar]</li><li>If a new record is inserted after migration &amp; if ncRecordId field was omitted during record insertion - auto generated string will be inserted by NocoDB</li><li>Computed hash value for the entire record is stored in system field <code>ncRecordHash</code></li><li>Additional system fields <code>created-at</code>, <code>updated-at</code> are not inserted by default</li></ol></li><li>Create new table using SDK / API<ol><li>No default primary key field is introduced by NocoDB. It has to be explicitly specified during table creation (using attribute <code>pk: true</code>)</li></ol></li></ol><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="what-if-primary-key-was-missing">What if Primary Key was missing?<a href="#what-if-primary-key-was-missing" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to What if Primary Key was missing?" title="Direct link to What if Primary Key was missing?">​</a></h2><p>It is possible to have a table without any primary key. </p><ul><li>External database table can be created without primary key configuration.</li><li>New table can be created using SDK / API without primary key
In such scenario&#x27;s, new records can be created in NocoDB for this table, but records can&#x27;t be updated or deleted <!-- -->[as there is now way for NocoDB to uniquely identify these records]</li></ul><h4 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="example--primary-key--optional-system-fields-during-new-table-creation">Example : Primary Key &amp; optional system fields during new table creation<a href="#example--primary-key--optional-system-fields-during-new-table-creation" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Example : Primary Key &amp; optional system fields during new table creation" title="Direct link to Example : Primary Key &amp; optional system fields during new table creation">​</a></h4><img loading="lazy" width="596" alt="image" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/35857179/189113679-481bceab-8957-4c5d-a38c-9940f03cfd7e.png" class="img_ev3q"><h4 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="example--show-system-fields">Example : Show System Fields<a href="#example--show-system-fields" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Example : Show System Fields" title="Direct link to Example : Show System Fields">​</a></h4><img loading="lazy" width="309" alt="image" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/35857179/189113907-871f7ab0-9bb2-4f04-a726-2d9feb56892e.png" class="img_ev3q"><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="can-i-change-the-primary-key-to-another-column-within-tables-">Can I change the Primary Key to another column within tables ?<a href="#can-i-change-the-primary-key-to-another-column-within-tables-" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Can I change the Primary Key to another column within tables ?" title="Direct link to Can I change the Primary Key to another column within tables ?">​</a></h2><ul><li>You can&#x27;t update Primary Key from NocoDB UI. You can reconfigure it at database level directly &amp; trigger <code>meta sync</code> explicitly.</li></ul></div><footer class="theme-doc-footer docusaurus-mt-lg"><div class="theme-doc-footer-edit-meta-row row"><div class="col"><a href="https://github.com/nocodb/nocodb/tree/develop/packages/noco-docs/docs/versioned_docs/version-0.109.7/030.setup-and-usages/100.primary-key.md" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="theme-edit-this-page"><svg fill="currentColor" height="20" width="20" viewBox="0 0 40 40" class="iconEdit_Z9Sw" aria-hidden="true"><g><path d="m34.5 11.7l-3 3.1-6.3-6.3 3.1-3q0.5-0.5 1.2-0.5t1.1 0.5l3.9 3.9q0.5 0.4 0.5 1.1t-0.5 1.2z m-29.5 17.1l18.4-18.5 6.3 6.3-18.4 18.4h-6.3v-6.2z"></path></g></svg>Edit this page</a></div><div class="col lastUpdated_vwxv"></div></div></footer></article><nav class="pagination-nav docusaurus-mt-lg" aria-label="Docs pages"><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--prev" href="/0.109.7/setup-and-usages/formulas"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">Previous</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">Formulas</div></a><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--next" href="/0.109.7/setup-and-usages/display-value"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">Next</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">Display Value</div></a></nav></div></div><div class="col col--3"><div class="tableOfContents_bqdL thin-scrollbar theme-doc-toc-desktop"><ul class="table-of-contents table-of-contents__left-border"><li><a href="#what-is-a-primary-key-" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">What is a Primary Key ?</a></li><li><a href="#what-is-the-use-of-primary-key-" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">What is the use of Primary Key ?</a></li><li><a href="#primary-key-in-nocodb" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Primary Key in NocoDB</a></li><li><a href="#what-if-primary-key-was-missing" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">What if Primary Key was missing?</a></li><li><a href="#can-i-change-the-primary-key-to-another-column-within-tables-" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Can I change the Primary Key to another column within tables ?</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></main></div></div><footer class="footer footer--dark"><div class="container container-fluid"><div class="footer__links text--center"><div class="footer__links"><a href="https://github.com/facebook/docusaurus" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">GitHub<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h-10.988l4.035 4-6.977 7.07 2.828 2.828 6.977-7.07 4.125 4.172v-11z"></path></svg></a><span class="footer__link-separator">·</span><a href="https://nocodb.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">Website<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h-10.988l4.035 4-6.977 7.07 2.828 2.828 6.977-7.07 4.125 4.172v-11z"></path></svg></a><span class="footer__link-separator">·</span><a href="https://community.nocodb.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">Community<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h-10.988l4.035 4-6.977 7.07 2.828 2.828 6.977-7.07 4.125 4.172v-11z"></path></svg></a><span class="footer__link-separator">·</span><a href="https://discord.gg/5RgZmkW" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">Discord<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h-10.988l4.035 4-6.977 7.07 2.828 2.828 6.977-7.07 4.125 4.172v-11z"></path></svg></a><span class="footer__link-separator">·</span><a href="https://twitter.com/nocodb" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">Twitter<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h-10.988l4.035 4-6.977 7.07 2.828 2.828 6.977-7.07 4.125 4.172v-11z"></path></svg></a></div></div><div class="footer__bottom text--center"><div class="margin-bottom--sm"><img src="/img/icon.png" alt="NocoDB" class="themedImage_ToTc themedImage--light_HNdA footer__logo" width="50"><img src="/img/icon.png" alt="NocoDB" class="themedImage_ToTc themedImage--dark_i4oU footer__logo" width="50"></div><div class="footer__copyright">Copyright © 2023 NocoDB</div></div></div></footer></div>
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