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documentation, see the <b><a href="/">latest version</a></b> (<!-- -->Latest<!-- -->).</div></div><div class="docItemContainer_Djhp"><article><nav class="theme-doc-breadcrumbs breadcrumbsContainer_Z_bl" aria-label="Breadcrumbs"><ul class="breadcrumbs" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/BreadcrumbList"><li class="breadcrumbs__item"><a aria-label="Home page" class="breadcrumbs__link" href="/"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="breadcrumbHomeIcon_YNFT"><path d="M10 19v-5h4v5c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1v-7h1.7c.46 0 .68-.57.33-.87L12.67 3.6c-.38-.34-.96-.34-1.34 0l-8.36 7.53c-.34.3-.13.87.33.87H5v7c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></a></li><li class="breadcrumbs__item"><span class="breadcrumbs__link">Product</span><meta itemprop="position" content="1"></li><li itemscope="" itemprop="itemListElement" itemtype="https://schema.org/ListItem" class="breadcrumbs__item breadcrumbs__item--active"><span class="breadcrumbs__link" itemprop="name">Formulas</span><meta itemprop="position" content="2"></li></ul></nav><span class="theme-doc-version-badge badge badge--secondary">Version: 0.109.7 - Old UI</span><div class="tocCollapsible_ETCw theme-doc-toc-mobile tocMobile_ITEo"><button type="button" class="clean-btn tocCollapsibleButton_TO0P">On this page</button></div><div class="theme-doc-markdown markdown"><header><h1>Formulas</h1></header><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="adding-formula-column">Adding formula column<a href="#adding-formula-column" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Adding formula column" title="Direct link to Adding formula column"></a></h2><img loading="lazy" width="990" alt="image" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/35857179/189108950-fba76e31-8ae4-4108-916b-e413c841f451.png" class="img_ev3q"><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="1-click-on--add-column">1. Click on '+' (Add column)<a href="#1-click-on--add-column" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 1. Click on '+' (Add column)" title="Direct link to 1. Click on '+' (Add column)"></a></h3><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="2-populate-column-name">2. Populate column Name<a href="#2-populate-column-name" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 2. Populate column Name" title="Direct link to 2. Populate column Name"></a></h3><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="3-select-column-type-as-formula">3. Select column Type as 'Formula'<a href="#3-select-column-type-as-formula" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 3. Select column Type as 'Formula'" title="Direct link to 3. Select column Type as 'Formula'"></a></h3><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="4-insert-required-formula">4. Insert required formula<a href="#4-insert-required-formula" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 4. Insert required formula" title="Direct link to 4. Insert required formula"></a></h3><ul><li>You can use explicit numerical values/ strings as needed, e.g. <code>123</code> (numeric) or <code>"123"</code> (string).</li><li>You can reference column names in equation with <code>{}</code>, e.g. <code>{column_name}</code>, if the column name conflicts with literals</li><li>Table below lists supported formula & associated syntax</li><li>Nested formula (formula equation referring to another formula column) is supported</li></ul><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="5-click-on-save">5. Click on 'Save'<a href="#5-click-on-save" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 5. Click on 'Save'" title="Direct link to 5. Click on 'Save'"></a></h3><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="editing-formula-column">Editing formula column<a href="#editing-formula-column" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Editing formula column" title="Direct link to Editing formula column"></a></h2><p>Unlike other column types, formula cells cannot be modified by double-clicking since the value is generated based on the formula. Instead, the vaule can be changed by updating the formula in the column setting.</p><img loading="lazy" width="253" alt="image" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/35857179/189109486-4d41f2b7-0a19-46ef-8bb4-a8d1aabd3592.png" class="img_ev3q"><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="available-formula-features">Available Formula Features<a href="#available-formula-features" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Available Formula Features" title="Direct link to Available Formula Features"></a></h2><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="numeric-functions">Numeric Functions<a href="#numeric-functions" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Numeric Functions" title="Direct link to Numeric Functions"></a></h3><table><thead><tr><th>Name</th><th>Syntax</th><th>Sample</th><th>Output</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>ABS</strong></td><td><code>ABS(value)</code></td><td><code>ABS({Column})</code></td><td>Absolute value of the input parameter</td></tr><tr><td><strong>ADD</strong></td><td><code>ADD(value1,[value2,...])</code></td><td><code>ADD({Column1}, {Column2})</code></td><td>Sum of input parameters</td></tr><tr><td><strong>AVG</strong></td><td><code>AVG(value1,[value2,...])</code></td><td><code>AVG({Column1}, {Column2})</code></td><td>Average of input parameters</td></tr><tr><td><strong>CEILING</strong></td><td><code>CEILING(value)</code></td><td><code>CEILING({Column})</code></td><td>Rounded next largest integer value of input parameter</td></tr><tr><td><strong>EXP</strong></td><td><code>EXP(value)</code></td><td><code>EXP({Column})</code></td><td>Exponential value of input parameter (<code>e^x</code>)</td></tr><tr><td><strong>FLOOR</strong></td><td><code>FLOOR(value)</code></td><td><code>FLOOR({Column})</code></td><td>Rounded largest integer less than or equal to input parameter</td></tr><tr><td><strong>INT</strong></td><td><code>INT(value)</code></td><td><code>INT({Column})</code></td><td>Integer value of input parameter</td></tr><tr><td><strong>LOG</strong></td><td><code>LOG([base], value)</code></td><td><code>LOG(10, {Column})</code></td><td>Logarithm of input parameter to the base (default = e) specified</td></tr><tr><td><strong>MAX</strong></td><td><code>MAX(value1,[value2,...])</code></td><td><code>MAX({Column1}, {Column2}, {Column3})</code></td><td>Maximum value amongst input parameters</td></tr><tr><td><strong>MIN</strong></td><td><code>MIN(value1,[value2,...])</code></td><td><code>MIN({Column1}, {Column2}, {Column3})</code></td><td>Minimum value amongst input parameters</td></tr><tr><td><strong>MOD</strong></td><td><code>MOD(value1, value2)</code></td><td><code>MOD({Column}, 2)</code></td><td>Remainder after integer division of input parameters</td></tr><tr><td><strong>POWER</strong></td><td><code>POWER(base, exponent)</code></td><td><code>POWER({Column}, 3)</code></td><td><code>base</code> to the <code>exponent</code> power, as in <code>base ^ exponent</code></td></tr><tr><td><strong>ROUND</strong></td><td><code>ROUND(value, precision)</code></td><td><code>ROUND({Column}, 3)</code></td><td>Round input <code>value</code> to decimal place specified by <code>precision</code> (Nearest integer if <code>precision</code> not provided)</td></tr><tr><td><strong>SQRT</strong></td><td><code>SQRT(value)</code></td><td><code>SQRT({Column})</code></td><td>Square root of the input parameter</td></tr></tbody></table><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="numeric-operators">Numeric Operators<a href="#numeric-operators" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Numeric Operators" title="Direct link to Numeric Operators"></a></h3><table><thead><tr><th>Operator</th><th>Sample</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><code>+</code></td><td><code>{Column1} + {Column2} + 2</code></td><td>Addition of numeric values</td></tr><tr><td><code>-</code></td><td><code>{Column1} - {Column2}</code></td><td>Subtraction of numeric values</td></tr><tr><td><code>*</code></td><td><code>{Column1} * {Column2}</code></td><td>Multiplication of numeric values</td></tr><tr><td><code>/</code></td><td><code>{Column1} / {Column2}</code></td><td>Division of numeric values</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="theme-admonition theme-admonition-tip alert alert--success admonition_LlT9"><div class="admonitionHeading_tbUL"><span class="admonitionIcon_kALy"><svg viewBox="0 0 12 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M6.5 0C3.48 0 1 2.19 1 5c0 .92.55 2.25 1 3 1.34 2.25 1.78 2.78 2 4v1h5v-1c.22-1.22.66-1.75 2-4 .45-.75 1-2.08 1-3 0-2.81-2.48-5-5.5-5zm3.64 7.48c-.25.44-.47.8-.67 1.11-.86 1.41-1.25 2.06-1.45 3.23-.02.05-.02.11-.02.17H5c0-.06 0-.13-.02-.17-.2-1.17-.59-1.83-1.45-3.23-.2-.31-.42-.67-.67-1.11C2.44 6.78 2 5.65 2 5c0-2.2 2.02-4 4.5-4 1.22 0 2.36.42 3.22 1.19C10.55 2.94 11 3.94 11 5c0 .66-.44 1.78-.86 2.48zM4 14h5c-.23 1.14-1.3 2-2.5 2s-2.27-.86-2.5-2z"></path></svg></span>tip</div><div class="admonitionContent_S0QG"><p>To change the order of arithmetic operation, you can use round bracket parantheses (). <br> |
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Example: ({Column1} + ({Column2} * {Column3}) / (3 - $Column4$ ))</p></div></div><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="string-functions">String Functions<a href="#string-functions" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to String Functions" title="Direct link to String Functions"></a></h3><table><thead><tr><th>Name</th><th>Syntax</th><th>Sample</th><th>Output</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>CONCAT</strong></td><td><code>CONCAT(str1, [str2,...])</code></td><td><code>CONCAT({Column1}, ' ', {Column2})</code></td><td>Concatenated string of input parameters</td></tr><tr><td><strong>LEFT</strong></td><td><code>LEFT(str1, n)</code></td><td><code>LEFT({Column}, 3)</code></td><td><code>n</code> characters from the beginning of input parameter</td></tr><tr><td><strong>LEN</strong></td><td><code>LEN(str)</code></td><td><code>LEN({Column})</code></td><td>Input parameter character length</td></tr><tr><td><strong>LOWER</strong></td><td><code>LOWER(str)</code></td><td><code>LOWER({Column})</code></td><td>Lower case converted string of input parameter</td></tr><tr><td><strong>MID</strong></td><td><code>MID(str, position, [count])</code></td><td><code>MID({Column}, 3, 2)</code></td><td>Alias for <code>SUBSTR</code></td></tr><tr><td><strong>REPEAT</strong></td><td><code>REPEAT(str, count)</code></td><td><code>REPEAT({Column}, 2)</code></td><td>Specified copies of the input parameter string concatenated together</td></tr><tr><td><strong>REPLACE</strong></td><td><code>REPLACE(str, srchStr, rplcStr)</code></td><td><code>REPLACE({Column}, 'int', 'num')</code></td><td>String, after replacing all occurrences of <code>srchStr</code> with <code>rplcStr</code></td></tr><tr><td><strong>RIGHT</strong></td><td><code>RIGHT(str, n)</code></td><td><code>RIGHT({Column}, 3)</code></td><td><code>n</code> characters from the end of input parameter</td></tr><tr><td><strong>SEARCH</strong></td><td><code>SEARCH(str, srchStr)</code></td><td><code>SEARCH({Column}, 'str')</code></td><td>Index of <code>srchStr</code> specified if found, 0 otherwise</td></tr><tr><td><strong>SUBSTR</strong></td><td><code>SUBTR(str, position, [count])</code></td><td><code>SUBSTR({Column}, 3, 2)</code></td><td>Substring of length 'count' of input string, from the postition specified</td></tr><tr><td><strong>TRIM</strong></td><td><code>TRIM(str)</code></td><td><code>TRIM({Column})</code></td><td>Remove trailing and leading whitespaces from input parameter</td></tr><tr><td><strong>UPPER</strong></td><td><code>UPPER(str)</code></td><td><code>UPPER({Column})</code></td><td>Upper case converted string of input parameter</td></tr><tr><td><strong>URL</strong></td><td><code>URL(str)</code></td><td><code>URL({Column})</code></td><td>Convert to a hyperlink if it is a valid URL</td></tr></tbody></table><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="date-functions">Date Functions<a href="#date-functions" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Date Functions" title="Direct link to Date Functions"></a></h3><table><thead><tr><th>Name</th><th>Syntax</th><th>Sample</th><th>Output</th><th>Remark</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>NOW</strong></td><td><code>NOW()</code></td><td><code>NOW()</code></td><td>2022-05-19 17:20:43</td><td>Returns the current time and day</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><code>IF(NOW() < {DATE_COL}, "true", "false")</code></td><td><code>IF(NOW() < date, "true", "false")</code></td><td>If current date is less than {DATE_COL}, it returns true. Otherwise, it returns false.</td><td>DateTime columns and negative values are supported.</td></tr><tr><td><strong>DATEADD</strong></td><td><code>DATEADD(date \| datetime, value, ["day" \| "week" \| "month" \| "year"])</code></td><td><code>DATEADD(date, 1, 'day')</code></td><td>Supposing {DATE_COL} is 2022-03-14. The result is 2022-03-15.</td><td>DateTime columns and negative values are supported. Example: <code>DATEADD(DATE_TIME_COL, -1, 'day')</code></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td><code>DATEADD(date, 1, 'week')</code></td><td>Supposing {DATE_COL} is 2022-03-14 03:14. The result is 2022-03-21 03:14.</td><td>DateTime columns and negative values are supported. Example: <code>DATEADD(DATE_TIME_COL, -1, 'week')</code></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td><code>DATEADD(date, 1, 'month')</code></td><td>Supposing {DATE_COL} is 2022-03-14 03:14. The result is 2022-04-14 03:14.</td><td>DateTime columns and negative values are supported. Example: <code>DATEADD(DATE_TIME_COL, -1, 'month')</code></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td><code>DATEADD(date, 1, 'year')</code></td><td>Supposing {DATE_COL} is 2022-03-14 03:14. The result is 2023-03-14 03:14.</td><td>DateTime columns and negative values are supported. Example: <code>DATEADD(DATE_TIME_COL, -1, 'year')</code></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td><code>IF(NOW() < DATEADD(date,10,'day'), "true", "false")</code></td><td>If the current date is less than {DATE_COL} plus 10 days, it returns true. Otherwise, it returns false.</td><td>DateTime columns and negative values are supported.</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td><code>IF(NOW() < DATEADD(date,10,'day'), "true", "false")</code></td><td>If the current date is less than {DATE_COL} plus 10 days, it returns true. Otherwise, it returns false.</td><td>DateTime columns and negative values are supported.</td></tr><tr><td><strong>DATETIME_DIFF</strong></td><td><code>DATETIME_DIFF(date, date, ["milliseconds" \| "ms" \| "seconds" \| "s" \| "minutes" \| "m" \| "hours" \| "h" \| "days" \| "d" \| "weeks" \| "w" \| "months" \| "M" \| "quarters" \| "Q" \| "years" \| "y"])</code></td><td><code>DATETIME_DIFF("2022/10/14", "2022/10/15", "second")</code></td><td>Supposing {DATE_COL_1} is 2017-08-25 and {DATE_COL_2} is 2011-08-25. The result is 86400.</td><td>Compares two dates and returns the difference in the unit specified. Positive integers indicate the second date being in the past compared to the first and vice versa for negative ones.</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td><code>WEEKDAY(NOW(), "sunday")</code></td><td>If today is Monday, it returns 1</td><td>Get the week day of NOW() with the first day set as sunday</td></tr><tr><td><strong>WEEKDAY</strong></td><td><code>WEEKDAY(date, [startDayOfWeek])</code></td><td><code>WEEKDAY(NOW())</code></td><td>If today is Monday, it returns 0</td><td>Returns the day of the week as an integer between 0 and 6 inclusive starting from Monday by default. You can optionally change the start day of the week by specifying in the second argument</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td><code>WEEKDAY(NOW(), "sunday")</code></td><td>If today is Monday, it returns 1</td><td>Get the week day of NOW() with the first day set as sunday</td></tr></tbody></table><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="logical-operators">Logical Operators<a href="#logical-operators" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Logical Operators" title="Direct link to Logical Operators"></a></h3><table><thead><tr><th>Operator</th><th>Sample</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><code><</code></td><td><code>{Column1} < {Column2}</code></td><td>Less than</td></tr><tr><td><code>></code></td><td><code>{Column1} > {Column2}</code></td><td>Greater than</td></tr><tr><td><code><=</code></td><td><code>{Column1} <= {Column2}</code></td><td>Less than or equal to</td></tr><tr><td><code>>=</code></td><td><code>{Column1} >= {Column2}</code></td><td>Greater than or equal to</td></tr><tr><td><code>==</code></td><td><code>{Column1} == {Column2}</code></td><td>Equal to</td></tr><tr><td><code>!=</code></td><td><code>{Column1} != {Column2}</code></td><td>Not equal to</td></tr></tbody></table><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="conditional-expressions">Conditional Expressions<a href="#conditional-expressions" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Conditional Expressions" title="Direct link to Conditional Expressions"></a></h3><table><thead><tr><th>Name</th><th>Syntax</th><th>Sample</th><th>Output</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>IF</strong></td><td><code>IF(expr, successCase, elseCase)</code></td><td><code>IF({Column} > 1, Value1, Value2)</code></td><td>successCase if <code>expr</code> evaluates to TRUE, elseCase otherwise</td></tr><tr><td><strong>SWITCH</strong></td><td><code>SWITCH(expr, [pattern, value, ..., default])</code></td><td><code>SWITCH({Column}, 1, 'One', 2, 'Two', '--')</code></td><td>Switch case value based on <code>expr</code> output</td></tr><tr><td><strong>AND</strong></td><td><code>AND(expr1, [expr2,...])</code></td><td><code>AND({Column} > 2, {Column} < 10)</code></td><td>TRUE if all <code>expr</code> evaluate to TRUE</td></tr><tr><td><strong>OR</strong></td><td><code>OR(expr1, [expr2,...])</code></td><td><code>OR({Column} > 2, {Column} < 10)</code></td><td>TRUE if at least one <code>expr</code> evaluates to TRUE</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Logical operators, along with Numerical operators can be used to build conditional <code>expressions</code>. </p><p>Examples: </p><div class="codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-text codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">IF({marksSecured} > 80, "GradeA", "GradeB") </span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonIcon_y97N"><path fill="currentColor" d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><div class="codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-text codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">SWITCH({quarterNumber}, </span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> 1, 'Jan-Mar',</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> 2, 'Apr-Jun',</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> 3, 'Jul-Sep',</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> 4, 'Oct-Dec',</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> 'INVALID'</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">)</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonIcon_y97N"><path fill="currentColor" d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></div><footer class="theme-doc-footer docusaurus-mt-lg"><div class="theme-doc-footer-edit-meta-row row"><div class="col"><a href="https://github.com/nocodb/nocodb/tree/develop/packages/noco-docs/docs/versioned_docs/version-0.109.7/030.setup-and-usages/090.formulas.md" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="theme-edit-this-page"><svg fill="currentColor" height="20" width="20" viewBox="0 0 40 40" class="iconEdit_Z9Sw" aria-hidden="true"><g><path d="m34.5 11.7l-3 3.1-6.3-6.3 3.1-3q0.5-0.5 1.2-0.5t1.1 0.5l3.9 3.9q0.5 0.4 0.5 1.1t-0.5 1.2z m-29.5 17.1l18.4-18.5 6.3 6.3-18.4 18.4h-6.3v-6.2z"></path></g></svg>Edit this page</a></div><div class="col lastUpdated_vwxv"></div></div></footer></article><nav class="pagination-nav docusaurus-mt-lg" aria-label="Docs 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Click on '+' (Add column)</a></li><li><a href="#2-populate-column-name" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">2. Populate column Name</a></li><li><a href="#3-select-column-type-as-formula" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">3. Select column Type as 'Formula'</a></li><li><a href="#4-insert-required-formula" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">4. Insert required formula</a></li><li><a href="#5-click-on-save" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">5. 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