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title	description	position	category	menuTitle
Formulas	NocoDB Formulas Syntaxes and Functions	570	Product	Formulas

Adding formula column

1. Click on '+' (Add column)

2. Populate column Name

3. Select column Type as 'Formula'

4. Insert required formula

You can use explicit numerical values/ strings as needed, e.g. 123 (numeric) or "123" (string).
You can reference column names in equation with {}, e.g. {column_name}, if the column name conflicts with literals
Table below lists supported formula & associated syntax
Nested formula (formula equation referring to another formula column) is supported

5. Click on 'Save'

Available Formula Features

Numeric Functions

Name	Syntax	Sample	Output
ABS	`ABS(value)`	`ABS({Column})`	Absolute value of the input parameter
ADD	`ADD(value1,[value2,...])`	`ADD({Column1}, {Column2})`	Sum of input parameters
AVG	`AVG(value1,[value2,...])`	`AVG({Column1}, {Column2})`	Average of input parameters
CEILING	`CEILING(value)`	`CEILING({Column})`	Rounded next largest integer value of input parameter
EXP	`EXP(value)`	`EXP({Column})`	Exponential value of input parameter (`e^x`)
FLOOR	`FLOOR(value)`	`FLOOR({Column})`	Rounded largest integer less than or equal to input parameter
INT	`INT(value)`	`INT({Column})`	Integer value of input parameter
LOG	`LOG([base], value)`	`LOG(10, {Column})`	Logarithm of input parameter to the base (default = e) specified
MAX	`MAX(value1,[value2,...])`	`MAX({Column1}, {Column2}, {Column3})`	Maximum value amongst input parameters
MIN	`MIN(value1,[value2,...])`	`MIN({Column1}, {Column2}, {Column3})`	Minimum value amongst input parameters
MOD	`MOD(value1, value2)`	`MOD({Column}, 2)`	Remainder after integer division of input parameters
POWER	`POWER(base, exponent)`	`POWER({Column}, 3)`	`base` to the `exponent` power, as in `base ^ exponent`
ROUND	`ROUND(value)`	`ROUND({Column})`	Nearest integer to the input parameter
SQRT	`SQRT(value)`	`SQRT({Column})`	Square root of the input parameter

Numeric Operators

Operator	Sample	Description
`+`	`{Column1} + {Column2} + 2`	Addition of numeric values
`-`	`{Column1} - {Column2}`	Subtraction of numeric values
`*`	`{Column1} * {Column2}`	Multiplication of numeric values
`/`	`{Column1} / {Column2}`	Division of numeric values

Tip :To change the order of arithmetic operation, you can use round bracket parantheses ().
Example: ({Column1} + ({Column2} * {Column3}) / (3 - $Column4$ ))

String Functions

Name	Syntax	Sample	Output
CONCAT	`CONCAT(str1, [str2,...])`	`CONCAT({Column1}, ' ', {Column2})`	Concatenated string of input parameters
LEFT	`LEFT(str1, n)`	`LEFT({Column}, 3)`	`n` characters from the beginning of input parameter
LEN	`LEN(str)`	`LEN({Column})`	Input parameter character length
LOWER	`LOWER(str)`	`LOWER({Column})`	Lower case converted string of input parameter
MID	`MID(str, position, [count])`	`MID({Column}, 3, 2)`	Alias for `SUBSTR`
REPEAT	`REPEAT(str, count)`	`REPEAT({Column}, 2)`	Specified copies of the input parameter string concatenated together
REPLACE	`REPLACE(str, srchStr, rplcStr)`	`REPLACE({Column}, 'int', 'num')`	String, after replacing all occurrences of `srchStr` with `rplcStr`
RIGHT	`RIGHT(str, n)`	`RIGHT({Column}, 3)`	`n` characters from the end of input parameter
SEARCH	`SEARCH(str, srchStr)`	`SEARCH({Column}, 'str')`	Index of `srchStr` specified if found, 0 otherwise
SUBSTR	`SUBTR(str, position, [count])`	`SUBSTR({Column}, 3, 2)`	Substring of length 'count' of input string, from the postition specified
TRIM	`TRIM(str)`	`TRIM({Column})`	Remove trailing and leading whitespaces from input parameter
UPPER	`UPPER(str)`	`UPPER({Column})`	Upper case converted string of input parameter
URL	`URL(str)`	`URL({Column})`	Convert to a hyperlink if it is a valid URL

Date Functions

Name	Syntax	Sample	Output	Remark
NOW	`NOW()`	`NOW()`	2022-05-19 17:20:43	Returns the current time and day
	`IF(NOW() < {DATE_COL}, "true", "false")`	`IF(NOW() < date, "true", "false")`	If current date is less than {DATE_COL}, it returns true. Otherwise, it returns false.	DateTime columns and negative values are supported.
DATEADD	`DATEADD(date \| datetime, value, ["day" \| "week" \| "month" \| "year"])`	`DATEADD(date, 1, 'day')`	Supposing {DATE_COL} is 2022-03-14. The result is 2022-03-15.	DateTime columns and negative values are supported. Example: `DATEADD(DATE_TIME_COL, -1, 'day')`
		`DATEADD(date, 1, 'week')`	Supposing {DATE_COL} is 2022-03-14 03:14. The result is 2022-03-21 03:14.	DateTime columns and negative values are supported. Example: `DATEADD(DATE_TIME_COL, -1, 'week')`
		`DATEADD(date, 1, 'month')`	Supposing {DATE_COL} is 2022-03-14 03:14. The result is 2022-04-14 03:14.	DateTime columns and negative values are supported. Example: `DATEADD(DATE_TIME_COL, -1, 'month')`
		`DATEADD(date, 1, 'year')`	Supposing {DATE_COL} is 2022-03-14 03:14. The result is 2023-03-14 03:14.	DateTime columns and negative values are supported. Example: `DATEADD(DATE_TIME_COL, -1, 'year')`
		`IF(NOW() < DATEADD(date,10,'day'), "true", "false")`	If the current date is less than {DATE_COL} plus 10 days, it returns true. Otherwise, it returns false.	DateTime columns and negative values are supported.
		`IF(NOW() < DATEADD(date,10,'day'), "true", "false")`	If the current date is less than {DATE_COL} plus 10 days, it returns true. Otherwise, it returns false.	DateTime columns and negative values are supported.
WEEKDAY	`WEEKDAY(date, [startDayOfWeek])`	`WEEKDAY(NOW())`	If today is Monday, it returns 0	Returns the day of the week as an integer between 0 and 6 inclusive starting from Monday by default. You can optionally change the start day of the week by specifying in the second argument
		`WEEKDAY(NOW(), "sunday")`	If today is Monday, it returns 1	Get the week day of NOW() with the first day set as sunday

Logical Operators

Operator	Sample	Description
`<`	`{Column1} < {Column2}`	Less than
`>`	`{Column1} > {Column2}`	Greater than
`<=`	`{Column1} <= {Column2}`	Less than or equal to
`>=`	`{Column1} >= {Column2}`	Greater than or equal to
`==`	`{Column1} == {Column2}`	Equal to
`!=`	`{Column1} != {Column2}`	Not equal to

Conditional Expressions

Name	Syntax	Sample	Output
IF	`IF(expr, successCase, elseCase)`	`IF({Column} > 1, Value1, Value2)`	successCase if `expr` evaluates to TRUE, elseCase otherwise
SWITCH	`SWITCH(expr, [pattern, value, ..., default])`	`SWITCH({Column}, 1, 'One', 2, 'Two', '--')`	Switch case value based on `expr` output
AND	`AND(expr1, [expr2,...])`	`AND({Column} > 2, {Column} < 10)`	TRUE if all `expr` evaluate to TRUE
OR	`OR(expr1, [expr2,...])`	`OR({Column} > 2, {Column} < 10)`	TRUE if at least one `expr` evaluates to TRUE

Logical operators, along with Numerical operators can be used to build conditional expressions.

Examples:

IF({marksSecured} > 80, "GradeA", "GradeB")

SWITCH({quarterNumber},  
    1, 'Jan-Mar',
    2, 'Apr-Jun',
    3, 'Jul-Sep',
    4, 'Oct-Dec',
    'INVALID'
)

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