nocodb/packages/noco-docs/versioned_docs/version-0.109.7/030.setup-and-usages/090.formulas.md

title	description
Formulas	NocoDB Formulas Syntaxes and Functions

Adding formula column

1. Click on '+' (Add column)

2. Populate column Name

3. Select column Type as 'Formula'

4. Insert required formula

• You can use explicit numerical values/ strings as needed, e.g. 123 (numeric) or "123" (string).
• You can reference column names in equation with {}, e.g. {column_name}, if the column name conflicts with literals
• Table below lists supported formula & associated syntax
• Nested formula (formula equation referring to another formula column) is supported

5. Click on 'Save'

Editing formula column

Unlike other column types, formula cells cannot be modified by double-clicking since the value is generated based on the formula. Instead, the vaule can be changed by updating the formula in the column setting.

Available Formula Features

Numeric Functions

Name	Syntax	Sample	Output
ABS	ABS(value)	ABS({Column})	Absolute value of the input parameter
ADD	ADD(value1,[value2,...])	ADD({Column1}, {Column2})	Sum of input parameters
AVG	AVG(value1,[value2,...])	AVG({Column1}, {Column2})	Average of input parameters
CEILING	CEILING(value)	CEILING({Column})	Rounded next largest integer value of input parameter
EXP	EXP(value)	EXP({Column})	Exponential value of input parameter (e^x)
FLOOR	FLOOR(value)	FLOOR({Column})	Rounded largest integer less than or equal to input parameter
INT	INT(value)	INT({Column})	Integer value of input parameter
LOG	LOG([base], value)	LOG(10, {Column})	Logarithm of input parameter to the base (default = e) specified
MAX	MAX(value1,[value2,...])	MAX({Column1}, {Column2}, {Column3})	Maximum value amongst input parameters
MIN	MIN(value1,[value2,...])	MIN({Column1}, {Column2}, {Column3})	Minimum value amongst input parameters
MOD	MOD(value1, value2)	MOD({Column}, 2)	Remainder after integer division of input parameters
POWER	POWER(base, exponent)	POWER({Column}, 3)	base to the exponent power, as in base ^ exponent
ROUND	ROUND(value, precision)	ROUND({Column}, 3)	Round input value to decimal place specified by precision (Nearest integer if precision not provided)
SQRT	SQRT(value)	SQRT({Column})	Square root of the input parameter

Numeric Operators

Operator	Sample	Description
+	{Column1} + {Column2} + 2	Addition of numeric values
-	{Column1} - {Column2}	Subtraction of numeric values
*	{Column1} * {Column2}	Multiplication of numeric values
/	{Column1} / {Column2}	Division of numeric values

:::tip

To change the order of arithmetic operation, you can use round bracket parantheses ().
Example: ({Column1} + ({Column2} * {Column3}) / (3 - $Column4$ ))

:::

String Functions

Name	Syntax	Sample	Output
CONCAT	CONCAT(str1, [str2,...])	CONCAT({Column1}, ' ', {Column2})	Concatenated string of input parameters
LEFT	LEFT(str1, n)	LEFT({Column}, 3)	n characters from the beginning of input parameter
LEN	LEN(str)	LEN({Column})	Input parameter character length
LOWER	LOWER(str)	LOWER({Column})	Lower case converted string of input parameter
MID	MID(str, position, [count])	MID({Column}, 3, 2)	Alias for SUBSTR
REPEAT	REPEAT(str, count)	REPEAT({Column}, 2)	Specified copies of the input parameter string concatenated together
REPLACE	REPLACE(str, srchStr, rplcStr)	REPLACE({Column}, 'int', 'num')	String, after replacing all occurrences of srchStr with rplcStr
RIGHT	RIGHT(str, n)	RIGHT({Column}, 3)	n characters from the end of input parameter
SEARCH	SEARCH(str, srchStr)	SEARCH({Column}, 'str')	Index of srchStr specified if found, 0 otherwise
SUBSTR	SUBTR(str, position, [count])	SUBSTR({Column}, 3, 2)	Substring of length 'count' of input string, from the postition specified
TRIM	TRIM(str)	TRIM({Column})	Remove trailing and leading whitespaces from input parameter
UPPER	UPPER(str)	UPPER({Column})	Upper case converted string of input parameter
URL	URL(str)	URL({Column})	Convert to a hyperlink if it is a valid URL

Date Functions

Name	Syntax	Sample	Output	Remark
NOW	NOW()	NOW()	2022-05-19 17:20:43	Returns the current time and day
	IF(NOW() < {DATE_COL}, "true", "false")	IF(NOW() < date, "true", "false")	If current date is less than {DATE_COL}, it returns true. Otherwise, it returns false.	DateTime columns and negative values are supported.
DATEADD	DATEADD(date | datetime, value, ["day" | "week" | "month" | "year"])	DATEADD(date, 1, 'day')	Supposing {DATE_COL} is 2022-03-14. The result is 2022-03-15.	DateTime columns and negative values are supported. Example: DATEADD(DATE_TIME_COL, -1, 'day')
		DATEADD(date, 1, 'week')	Supposing {DATE_COL} is 2022-03-14 03:14. The result is 2022-03-21 03:14.	DateTime columns and negative values are supported. Example: DATEADD(DATE_TIME_COL, -1, 'week')
		DATEADD(date, 1, 'month')	Supposing {DATE_COL} is 2022-03-14 03:14. The result is 2022-04-14 03:14.	DateTime columns and negative values are supported. Example: DATEADD(DATE_TIME_COL, -1, 'month')
		DATEADD(date, 1, 'year')	Supposing {DATE_COL} is 2022-03-14 03:14. The result is 2023-03-14 03:14.	DateTime columns and negative values are supported. Example: DATEADD(DATE_TIME_COL, -1, 'year')
		IF(NOW() < DATEADD(date,10,'day'), "true", "false")	If the current date is less than {DATE_COL} plus 10 days, it returns true. Otherwise, it returns false.	DateTime columns and negative values are supported.
		IF(NOW() < DATEADD(date,10,'day'), "true", "false")	If the current date is less than {DATE_COL} plus 10 days, it returns true. Otherwise, it returns false.	DateTime columns and negative values are supported.
DATETIME_DIFF	DATETIME_DIFF(date, date, ["milliseconds" | "ms" | "seconds" | "s" | "minutes" | "m" | "hours" | "h" | "days" | "d" | "weeks" | "w" | "months" | "M" | "quarters" | "Q" | "years" | "y"])	DATETIME_DIFF("2022/10/14", "2022/10/15", "second")	Supposing {DATE_COL_1} is 2017-08-25 and {DATE_COL_2} is 2011-08-25. The result is 86400.	Compares two dates and returns the difference in the unit specified. Positive integers indicate the second date being in the past compared to the first and vice versa for negative ones.
		WEEKDAY(NOW(), "sunday")	If today is Monday, it returns 1	Get the week day of NOW() with the first day set as sunday
WEEKDAY	WEEKDAY(date, [startDayOfWeek])	WEEKDAY(NOW())	If today is Monday, it returns 0	Returns the day of the week as an integer between 0 and 6 inclusive starting from Monday by default. You can optionally change the start day of the week by specifying in the second argument
		WEEKDAY(NOW(), "sunday")	If today is Monday, it returns 1	Get the week day of NOW() with the first day set as sunday

Logical Operators

Operator	Sample	Description
<	{Column1} < {Column2}	Less than
>	{Column1} > {Column2}	Greater than
<=	{Column1} <= {Column2}	Less than or equal to
>=	{Column1} >= {Column2}	Greater than or equal to
==	{Column1} == {Column2}	Equal to
!=	{Column1} != {Column2}	Not equal to

Conditional Expressions

Name	Syntax	Sample	Output
IF	IF(expr, successCase, elseCase)	IF({Column} > 1, Value1, Value2)	successCase if expr evaluates to TRUE, elseCase otherwise
SWITCH	SWITCH(expr, [pattern, value, ..., default])	SWITCH({Column}, 1, 'One', 2, 'Two', '--')	Switch case value based on expr output
AND	AND(expr1, [expr2,...])	AND({Column} > 2, {Column} < 10)	TRUE if all expr evaluate to TRUE
OR	OR(expr1, [expr2,...])	OR({Column} > 2, {Column} < 10)	TRUE if at least one expr evaluates to TRUE

Logical operators, along with Numerical operators can be used to build conditional expressions.

Examples:

IF({marksSecured} > 80, "GradeA", "GradeB")  

SWITCH({quarterNumber},  
    1, 'Jan-Mar',
    2, 'Apr-Jun',
    3, 'Jul-Sep',
    4, 'Oct-Dec',
    'INVALID'
)