keywords: ['Fields', 'Field types', 'Formula', 'Create formula field', 'Numeric functions']
---
This cheat sheet provides a quick reference guide for various mathematical functions commonly used in data analysis and programming. Each function is accompanied by its syntax, a sample usage, and a brief description.
| **MOD** | `MOD(value1, value2)` | `MOD({field}, 2)` | Remainder after integer division of input parameters |
| **POWER** | `POWER(base, exponent)` | `POWER({field}, 3)` | `base` to the `exponent` power, as in `base ^ exponent` |
| **ROUND** | `ROUND(value, precision)` | `ROUND({field}, 3)` | Round input `value` to decimal place specified by `precision` (Nearest integer if `precision` not provided) |
| **SQRT** | `SQRT(value)` | `SQRT({field})` | Square root of the input parameter |
| **COUNT** | `COUNT(value1,[value2,...])`| `COUNT({field1},{field2},{field3})` | Count the number of arguments that are numbers |
| **COUNTA** | `COUNTA(value1,[value2,...])`| `COUNTA({field1},{field2},{field3})`| Counts the number of non-empty arguments |
| **COUNTALL** | `COUNTALL(value1,[value2,...])`|`COUNTALL({field1},{field2},{field3})`| Counts the number of arguments |
| **EVEN** | `EVEN(value)` | `EVEN({field})` | Returns the nearest even integer that is greater than or equal to the specified value |
| **ODD** | `ODD(value)` | `ODD({field})` | Returns the nearest odd integer that is greater than or equal to the specified value |
| **VALUE** | `VALUE(value)` | `VALUE({field})` | Extract the numeric value from a string, if `%` or `-` is present, it will handle it accordingly and return the numeric value|
| **ROUNDDOWN** | `ROUNDDOWN(value, [precision])` | `ROUNDDOWN({field}, 2)` | Round down the value after the decimal point to the number of decimal places given by "precision"(default is 0) |
| **ROUNDUP** | `ROUNDUP(value, [precision])` | `ROUNDUP({field}, 2)` | Round up the value after the decimal point to the number of decimal places given by "precision"(default is 0) |
## Related Articles
------------
## ABS
The ABS function returns the distance of the number from zero on the number line, ensuring that the result is non-negative.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
ABS(number)
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
ABS(10.35) => 10.35
ABS(-15) => 15
```
------------
## ADD
The ADD function computes the total of multiple numbers provided as arguments.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
ADD(number1, [number2, ...])
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
ADD(5, 7) => 12
ADD(-10, 15, 20) => 25
```
------------
## AVG
The AVG function calculates the mean of a set of numerical values.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
AVG(number1, [number2, ...])
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
AVG(10, 20, 30) => 20
AVG(-5, 5) => 0
```
------------
## CEILING
The CEILING function rounds a number up to the nearest integer greater than or equal to the input.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
CEILING(number)
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
CEILING(8.75) => 9
CEILING(-15.25) => -15
```
------------
## COUNT
The COUNT function calculates the number of numeric arguments provided.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
COUNT(number1, [number2, ...])
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
COUNT(1, 2, "abc", 3) => 3
COUNT(-5, 0, "$abc", 5) => 3
```
------------
## COUNTA
The COUNTA function counts the number of non-empty arguments provided.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
COUNTA(value1, [value2, ...])
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
COUNTA(1, "", "text") => 2
COUNTA("one", "two", "three") => 3
```
------------
## COUNTALL
The COUNTALL function calculates the total number of arguments, both numeric and non-numeric.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
COUNTALL(value1, [value2, ...])
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
COUNTALL(1, "", "text") => 3
COUNTALL("one", "two", "three") => 3
```
------------
## EVEN
The EVEN function rounds a number up to the nearest even integer.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
EVEN(number)
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
EVEN(7) => 8
EVEN(-5) => -6
```
------------
## EXP
The EXP function returns 'e' raised to the power of a given number.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
EXP(number)
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
EXP(2) => 7.389
EXP(-1) => 0.368
```
------------
## FLOOR
The FLOOR function rounds a number down to the nearest integer.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
FLOOR(number)
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
FLOOR(8.75) => 8
FLOOR(-15.25) => -16
```
------------
## INT
The INT function truncates the decimal part, returning the integer portion of a number.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
INT(number)
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
INT(8.75) => 8
INT(-15.25) => -15
```
------------
## LOG
The LOG function computes the logarithm of a number to a specified base. (default = e).
#### Syntax
```plaintext
LOG([base], number)
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
LOG(10, 100) => 2
LOG(2, 8) => 3
```
------------
## MAX
The MAX function identifies the highest value from a set of numbers.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
MAX(number1, [number2, ...])
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
MAX(5, 10, 3) => 10
MAX(-10, -5, -20) => -5
```
------------
## MIN
The MIN function identifies the lowest value from a set of numbers.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
MIN(number1, [number2, ...])
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
MIN(5, 10, 3) => 3
MIN(-10, -5, -20) => -20
```
------------
## MOD
The MOD function calculates the remainder when dividing (integer division) one number by another.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
MOD(number1, number2)
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
MOD(10, 3) => 1
MOD(-15, 4) => -3
```
------------
## ODD
The ODD function rounds a number up to the nearest odd integer greater than or equal to the specified value.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
ODD(number)
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
ODD(7) => 7
ODD(-5) => -5
```
------------
## POWER
The POWER function raises a given base to a specified exponent.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
POWER(base, exponent)
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
POWER(2, 3) => 8
POWER(10, -2) => 0.01
```
------------
## ROUND
The ROUND function is used to round a number to a specified number of decimal places (precision). Default value for precision is 0.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
ROUND(number, [precision])
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
ROUND(8.765, 2) => 8.77
ROUND(-15.123, 1) => -15.1
```
------------
## ROUNDDOWN
The ROUNDDOWN function rounds a number down to a specified number of decimal places (precision). Default value for precision is 0.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
ROUNDDOWN(number, [precision])
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
ROUNDDOWN(8.765, 2) => 8.76
ROUNDDOWN(-15.123, 1) => -15.2
```
------------
## ROUNDUP
The ROUNDUP function rounds a number up to a specified number of decimal places (precision). Default value for precision is 0.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
ROUNDUP(number, [precision])
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
ROUNDUP(8.765, 2) => 8.77
ROUNDUP(-15.123, 1) => -15.1
```
------------
## SQRT
The SQRT function calculates the square root of a given number.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
SQRT(number)
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
SQRT(25) => 5
SQRT(2) => 1.414
```
------------
## VALUE
The VALUE function is used to extract the numeric value from a string (after handling `%` or `-` accordingly).
#### Syntax
```plaintext
VALUE(text)
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
VALUE("123") => 123
VALUE("-45.67") => -45.67
```
------------
### Related Articles
- [Numeric and Logical Operators](015.operators.md)
keywords: ['Fields', 'Field types', 'Formula', 'Create formula field', 'String functions']
---
This cheat sheet provides a quick reference guide for various string based functions commonly used in data analysis and programming. Each function is accompanied by its syntax, a sample usage, and a brief description.
| **LOWER** | `LOWER(str)` | `LOWER({field})` | Lower case converted string of input parameter |
| **MID** | `MID(str, position, [count])` | `MID({field}, 3, 2)` | Alias for `SUBSTR` |
| **REPEAT** | `REPEAT(str, count)` | `REPEAT({field}, 2)` | Specified copies of the input parameter string concatenated together |
| **REPLACE** | `REPLACE(str, srchStr, rplcStr)` | `REPLACE({field}, 'int', 'num')` | String, after replacing all occurrences of `srchStr` with `rplcStr` |
| **RIGHT** | `RIGHT(str, n)` | `RIGHT({field}, 3)` | `n` characters from the end of input parameter |
| **SEARCH** | `SEARCH(str, srchStr)` | `SEARCH({field}, 'str')` | Index of `srchStr` specified if found, 0 otherwise |
| **SUBSTR** | `SUBTR(str, position, [count])` | `SUBSTR({field}, 3, 2)` | Substring of length 'count' of input string, from the postition specified |
| **TRIM** | `TRIM(str)` | `TRIM({field})` | Remove trailing and leading whitespaces from input parameter |
| **UPPER** | `UPPER(str)` | `UPPER({field})` | Upper case converted string of input parameter |
| **URL** | `URL(str)` | `URL({field})` | Convert to a hyperlink if it is a valid URL |
| **REGEX_MATCH** | `REGEX_MATCH(str, pattern)` | `REGEX_MATCH({field}, 'a.*')` | Returns 1 if the input text matches a regular expression or 0 if it does not |
| **REGEX_EXTRACT** | `REGEX_EXTRACT(str, pattern)` | `REGEX_MATCH({field}, 'a.*')` | Returns the first match of a regular expression in a string |
| **REGEX_REPLACE** | `REGEX_REPLACE(str, pattern, replacer)` | `REGEX_MATCH({field}, 'a.*', '---')` | Replaces all matches of a regular expression in a string with a replacement string |
## Related Articles
## CONCAT
The CONCAT function concatenates one or more strings into a single string.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
CONCAT(str1, [str2,...])
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
CONCAT('John', ' ', 'Doe') => 'John Doe'
```
## LEFT
The LEFT function retrieves the first 'n' characters from the beginning of the input string.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
LEFT(str1, n)
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
LEFT('123-456-7890', 3) => '123'
```
## LEN
The LEN function calculates and returns the total number of characters present in the provided string.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
LEN(str)
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
LEN('Product Description') => 18
```
## LOWER
The LOWER function transforms all characters in the input string to lowercase
#### Syntax
```plaintext
LOWER(str)
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
LOWER('User INPUT') => 'user input'
```
## MID
The MID function retrieves a substring from the input string starting at the specified position and extending for the specified count of characters.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
MID(str, position, [count])
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
MID('This is a sentence', 5, 3) => 'is '
```
## REGEX_EXTRACT
The REGEX_EXTRACT function searches the input string for the first occurrence of the specified regular expression pattern and returns the matched substring.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
REGEX_EXTRACT(str, pattern)
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
REGEX_EXTRACT('Error: Something went wrong', 'Error: (.*)') => 'Something went wrong'
```
## REGEX_MATCH
The REGEX_MATCH function evaluates whether the input string matches the specified regular expression pattern, returning 1 if there is a match and 0 if there is no match.
The REGEX_REPLACE function identifies all occurrences of the specified regular expression pattern in the input string and substitutes them with the provided replacement string.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
REGEX_REPLACE(str, pattern, replacer)
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
REGEX_REPLACE('Replace all bugs', 'bug', 'feature') => 'Replace all features'
```
## REPEAT
The REPEAT function duplicates the provided string the specified number of times, facilitating the creation of repeated patterns or sequences.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
REPEAT(str, count)
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
REPEAT('😃', 3) => '😃😃😃'
```
## REPLACE
The REPLACE function identifies all instances of a particular substring within the given string and substitutes them with another specified substring.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
REPLACE(str, srchStr, rplcStr)
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
REPLACE('Replace old text', 'old', 'new') => 'Replace new text'
```
## RIGHT
The RIGHT function retrieves the last 'n' characters from the end of the input string, allowing you to extract a substring starting from the right.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
RIGHT(str, n)
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
RIGHT('file_name.txt', 3) => 'txt'
```
## SEARCH
The SEARCH function identifies the position of the specified substring within the input string, returning the index if found, and 0 otherwise.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
SEARCH(str, srchStr)
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
SEARCH('user@example.com', '@') => 4
```
## SUBSTR
The SUBSTR function extracts a substring from the input string, starting at the specified position and optionally extending for the specified count of characters.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
SUBSTR(str, position, [count])
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
SUBSTR('Extract this text', 8, 4) => 'this'
```
## TRIM
The TRIM function eliminates any leading or trailing whitespaces from the input string.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
TRIM(str)
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
TRIM(' Trim this ') => 'Trim this'
```
## UPPER
The UPPER function transforms all characters in the input string to uppercase.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
UPPER(str)
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
UPPER('title') => 'TITLE'
```
## URL
The URL function checks if the input string is a valid URL and converts it into a hyperlink
This cheat sheet provides a quick reference guide for various date functions commonly used in data analysis and programming. Each function is accompanied by its syntax, a sample usage, and a brief description.
| **NOW** | `NOW()` | `NOW()` | 2022-05-19 17:20:43 | Returns the current time and day |
| | `IF(NOW() < {DATE_COL}`, "true", "false")` | `IF(NOW() < date, "true", "false")` | If current date is less than `{DATE_COL}`, it returns true. Otherwise, it returns false. | DateTime fields and negative values are supported. |
| **DATEADD** | `DATEADD(date \| datetime, value, ["day" \| "week" \| "month" \| "year"])` | `DATEADD(date, 1, 'day')` | Supposing `{DATE_COL}` is 2022-03-14. The result is 2022-03-15. | DateTime fields and negative values are supported. Example: `DATEADD(DATE_TIME_COL, -1, 'day')` |
| | | `DATEADD(date, 1, 'week')` | Supposing `{DATE_COL}` is 2022-03-14 03:14. The result is 2022-03-21 03:14. | DateTime fields and negative values are supported. Example: `DATEADD(DATE_TIME_COL, -1, 'week')` |
| | | `DATEADD(date, 1, 'month')` | Supposing `{DATE_COL}` is 2022-03-14 03:14. The result is 2022-04-14 03:14. | DateTime fields and negative values are supported. Example: `DATEADD(DATE_TIME_COL, -1, 'month')` |
| | | `DATEADD(date, 1, 'year')` | Supposing `{DATE_COL}` is 2022-03-14 03:14. The result is 2023-03-14 03:14. | DateTime fields and negative values are supported. Example: `DATEADD(DATE_TIME_COL, -1, 'year')` |
| | | `IF(NOW() < DATEADD(date,10,'day'), "true", "false")` | If the current date is less than `{DATE_COL}` plus 10 days, it returns true. Otherwise, it returns false. | DateTime fields and negative values are supported. |
| | | `IF(NOW() < DATEADD(date,10,'day'), "true", "false")` | If the current date is less than `{DATE_COL}` plus 10 days, it returns true. Otherwise, it returns false. | DateTime fields and negative values are supported. |
| **DATETIME_DIFF** | `DATETIME_DIFF(date, date, ["milliseconds" \| "ms" \| "seconds" \| "s" \| "minutes" \| "m" \| "hours" \| "h" \| "days" \| "d" \| "weeks" \| "w" \| "months" \| "M" \| "quarters" \| "Q" \| "years" \| "y"])` | `DATETIME_DIFF("2022/10/14", "2022/10/15", "second")` | Supposing `{DATE_COL_1}` is 2017-08-25 and `{DATE_COL_2}` is 2011-08-25. The result is 86400. | Compares two dates and returns the difference in the unit specified. Positive integers indicate the second date being in the past compared to the first and vice versa for negative ones. |
| | | `WEEKDAY(NOW(), "sunday")` | If today is Monday, it returns 1 | Get the week day of NOW() with the first day set as sunday |
| **WEEKDAY** | `WEEKDAY(date, [startDayOfWeek])` | `WEEKDAY(NOW())` | If today is Monday, it returns 0 | Returns the day of the week as an integer between 0 and 6 inclusive starting from Monday by default. You can optionally change the start day of the week by specifying in the second argument |
| | | `WEEKDAY(NOW(), "sunday")` | If today is Monday, it returns 1 | Get the week day of NOW() with the first day set as sunday |
## DATETIME_DIFF
The DATETIME_DIFF function calculates the difference between two dates in various units.
This function compares two dates and returns the difference in the specified unit. Positive integers indicate that date1 is in the past compared to date2, and vice versa for negative values.
---
## DATEADD
The DATEADD function adds a specified value to a date or datetime.
IF(NOW() <DATEADD(date,10,'day'),"true","false")=> If the current date is less than the specified date plus 10 days, it returns true. Otherwise, it returns false.
```
#### Remark
This function supports date and datetime fields and can handle negative values.
---
## NOW
The NOW function returns the current time and day.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
NOW()
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
NOW() => 2022-05-19 17:20:43 (current date & time)
```
#### Conditional Example
```plaintext
IF(NOW() <date,"true","false")=> If the current date is less than the specified date, it returns true. Otherwise, it returns false.
```
#### Remark
This function provides the current time and day, supporting datetime fields and negative values.
---
## WEEKDAY
The WEEKDAY function returns the day of the week as an integer.
#### Syntax
```plaintext
WEEKDAY(date, [startDayOfWeek])
```
#### Sample
```plaintext
WEEKDAY(NOW()) => If today is Monday, it returns 0.
WEEKDAY(NOW(), "sunday") => If today is Monday, it returns 1.
```
#### Remark
Returns the day of the week as an integer between 0 and 6 (inclusive), with Monday as the default start day. The start day of the week can be optionally changed by specifying it as the second argument.
---
## Related Articles
- [Numeric and Logical Operators](015.operators.md)
| **SWITCH** | `SWITCH(expr, [pattern, value, ..., default])` | `SWITCH({field}, 1, 'One', 2, 'Two', '--')` | Switch case value based on `expr` output |
| **AND** | `AND(expr1, [expr2,...])` | `AND({field} > 2, {field} < 10)` | TRUE if all `expr` evaluate to TRUE |
| **OR** | `OR(expr1, [expr2,...])` | `OR({field} > 2, {field} < 10)` | TRUE if at least one `expr` evaluates to TRUE |
## IF
The IF function in programming and spreadsheet formulas provides a way to perform conditional operations. It evaluates a condition and returns a value if the condition is `TRUE`, or another value if the condition is `FALSE`.
#### Syntax
```markdown
IF(expr, successCase, elseCase)
```
#### Sample
```markdown
IF({field} > 1, Value1, Value2)
Output
- `Value1` if `{field} > 1` evaluates to TRUE
- `Value2` otherwise
```
## SWITCH
The SWITCH function is a versatile tool for handling multiple cases. It evaluates the given expression (expr) against a series of patterns and returns the corresponding value of the first matching pattern. If none match, it returns the default value.
#### Syntax
```markdown
SWITCH(expr, [pattern, value, ..., default])
```
#### Sample
```markdown
SWITCH({field}, 1, 'One', 2, 'Two', '--')
Output
Switch case value based on the output of `{field}`:
- `'One'` if `{field} = 1`
- `'Two'` if `{field} = 2`
- `'--'` for the default case
```
## AND
The AND function is a logical operator that returns TRUE only if all its conditions are true.
#### Syntax
```markdown
AND(expr1, [expr2,...])
```
#### Sample
```markdown
AND({field} > 2, {field} <10)
Output
TRUE if both `{field} > 2` and `{field} < 10` evaluate to TRUE
```
## OR
The OR function is another logical operator, returning TRUE if at least one of its conditions is true.
#### Syntax
```markdown
OR(expr1, [expr2,...])
```
#### Sample
```markdown
OR({field} > 2, {field} <10)
Output
TRUE if at least one of the conditions `{field} > 2` or `{field} < 10` evaluates to TRUE
```
:::tip
Logical operators, along with Numerical operators can be used to build conditional `expressions`.
Raju Udava
10 months ago