diff --git a/org.eclipse.jgit.test/tst/org/eclipse/jgit/lib/ConfigTest.java b/org.eclipse.jgit.test/tst/org/eclipse/jgit/lib/ConfigTest.java
index fb1ee8cad..7862005eb 100644
--- a/org.eclipse.jgit.test/tst/org/eclipse/jgit/lib/ConfigTest.java
+++ b/org.eclipse.jgit.test/tst/org/eclipse/jgit/lib/ConfigTest.java
@@ -808,8 +808,14 @@ public class ConfigTest {
 			fbConfig.load();
 			fail();
 		} catch (ConfigInvalidException cie) {
-			assertEquals(JGitText.get().tooManyIncludeRecursions,
-					cie.getCause().getMessage());
+			for (Throwable t = cie; t != null; t = t.getCause()) {
+				if (t.getMessage()
+						.equals(JGitText.get().tooManyIncludeRecursions)) {
+					return;
+				}
+			}
+			fail("Expected to find expected exception message: "
+					+ JGitText.get().tooManyIncludeRecursions);
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -824,6 +830,80 @@ public class ConfigTest {
 		assertFalse(parsed.getBoolean("foo", "bar", false));
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	public void testIncludeCaseInsensitiveSection()
+			throws IOException, ConfigInvalidException {
+		File included = tmp.newFile("included");
+		String content = "[foo]\nbar=true\n";
+		Files.write(included.toPath(), content.getBytes());
+
+		File config = tmp.newFile("config");
+		content = "[Include]\npath=" + pathToString(included) + "\n";
+		Files.write(config.toPath(), content.getBytes());
+
+		FileBasedConfig fbConfig = new FileBasedConfig(null, config,
+				FS.DETECTED);
+		fbConfig.load();
+		assertTrue(fbConfig.getBoolean("foo", "bar", false));
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	public void testIncludeCaseInsensitiveKey()
+			throws IOException, ConfigInvalidException {
+		File included = tmp.newFile("included");
+		String content = "[foo]\nbar=true\n";
+		Files.write(included.toPath(), content.getBytes());
+
+		File config = tmp.newFile("config");
+		content = "[include]\nPath=" + pathToString(included) + "\n";
+		Files.write(config.toPath(), content.getBytes());
+
+		FileBasedConfig fbConfig = new FileBasedConfig(null, config,
+				FS.DETECTED);
+		fbConfig.load();
+		assertTrue(fbConfig.getBoolean("foo", "bar", false));
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	public void testIncludeExceptionContainsLine() {
+		try {
+			parse("[include]\npath=\n");
+			fail("Expected ConfigInvalidException");
+		} catch (ConfigInvalidException e) {
+			assertTrue(
+					"Expected to find the problem line in the exception message",
+					e.getMessage().contains("include.path"));
+		}
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	public void testIncludeExceptionContainsFile() throws IOException {
+		File included = tmp.newFile("included");
+		String includedPath = pathToString(included);
+		String content = "[include]\npath=\n";
+		Files.write(included.toPath(), content.getBytes());
+
+		File config = tmp.newFile("config");
+		String include = "[include]\npath=" + includedPath + "\n";
+		Files.write(config.toPath(), include.getBytes());
+		FileBasedConfig fbConfig = new FileBasedConfig(null, config,
+				FS.DETECTED);
+		try {
+			fbConfig.load();
+			fail("Expected ConfigInvalidException");
+		} catch (ConfigInvalidException e) {
+			// Check that there is some exception in the chain that contains
+			// includedPath
+			for (Throwable t = e; t != null; t = t.getCause()) {
+				if (t.getMessage().contains(includedPath)) {
+					return;
+				}
+			}
+			fail("Expected to find the path in the exception message: "
+					+ includedPath);
+		}
+	}
+
 	private static void assertReadLong(long exp) throws ConfigInvalidException {
 		assertReadLong(exp, String.valueOf(exp));
 	}
diff --git a/org.eclipse.jgit/resources/org/eclipse/jgit/internal/JGitText.properties b/org.eclipse.jgit/resources/org/eclipse/jgit/internal/JGitText.properties
index 74be24665..c43411779 100644
--- a/org.eclipse.jgit/resources/org/eclipse/jgit/internal/JGitText.properties
+++ b/org.eclipse.jgit/resources/org/eclipse/jgit/internal/JGitText.properties
@@ -368,6 +368,7 @@ invalidIgnoreRule=Exception caught while parsing ignore rule ''{0}''.
 invalidIntegerValue=Invalid integer value: {0}.{1}={2}
 invalidKey=Invalid key: {0}
 invalidLineInConfigFile=Invalid line in config file
+invalidLineInConfigFileWithParam=Invalid line in config file: {0}
 invalidModeFor=Invalid mode {0} for {1} {2} in {3}.
 invalidModeForPath=Invalid mode {0} for path {1}
 invalidObject=Invalid {0} {1}: {2}
diff --git a/org.eclipse.jgit/src/org/eclipse/jgit/internal/JGitText.java b/org.eclipse.jgit/src/org/eclipse/jgit/internal/JGitText.java
index 7f91b30a9..9739672f8 100644
--- a/org.eclipse.jgit/src/org/eclipse/jgit/internal/JGitText.java
+++ b/org.eclipse.jgit/src/org/eclipse/jgit/internal/JGitText.java
@@ -429,6 +429,7 @@ public class JGitText extends TranslationBundle {
 	/***/ public String invalidIntegerValue;
 	/***/ public String invalidKey;
 	/***/ public String invalidLineInConfigFile;
+	/***/ public String invalidLineInConfigFileWithParam;
 	/***/ public String invalidModeFor;
 	/***/ public String invalidModeForPath;
 	/***/ public String invalidObject;
diff --git a/org.eclipse.jgit/src/org/eclipse/jgit/lib/Config.java b/org.eclipse.jgit/src/org/eclipse/jgit/lib/Config.java
index a6313f0cc..4d558c9fc 100644
--- a/org.eclipse.jgit/src/org/eclipse/jgit/lib/Config.java
+++ b/org.eclipse.jgit/src/org/eclipse/jgit/lib/Config.java
@@ -1125,7 +1125,7 @@ public class Config {
 				} else
 					e.value = readValue(in);
 
-				if (e.section.equals("include")) { //$NON-NLS-1$
+				if (e.section.equalsIgnoreCase("include")) { //$NON-NLS-1$
 					addIncludedConfig(newEntries, e, depth);
 				}
 			} else
@@ -1154,10 +1154,10 @@ public class Config {
 
 	private void addIncludedConfig(final List<ConfigLine> newEntries,
 			ConfigLine line, int depth) throws ConfigInvalidException {
-		if (!line.name.equals("path") || //$NON-NLS-1$
+		if (!line.name.equalsIgnoreCase("path") || //$NON-NLS-1$
 				line.value == null || line.value.equals(MAGIC_EMPTY_VALUE)) {
-			throw new ConfigInvalidException(
-					JGitText.get().invalidLineInConfigFile);
+			throw new ConfigInvalidException(MessageFormat.format(
+					JGitText.get().invalidLineInConfigFileWithParam, line));
 		}
 		byte[] bytes = readIncludedConfig(line.value);
 		if (bytes == null) {
@@ -1171,7 +1171,12 @@ public class Config {
 		} else {
 			decoded = RawParseUtils.decode(bytes);
 		}
-		newEntries.addAll(fromTextRecurse(decoded, depth + 1));
+		try {
+			newEntries.addAll(fromTextRecurse(decoded, depth + 1));
+		} catch (ConfigInvalidException e) {
+			throw new ConfigInvalidException(MessageFormat
+					.format(JGitText.get().cannotReadFile, line.value), e);
+		}
 	}
 
 	private ConfigSnapshot newState() {