diff --git a/src/main/java/com/alibaba/excel/write/executor/ExcelWriteFillExecutor.java b/src/main/java/com/alibaba/excel/write/executor/ExcelWriteFillExecutor.java
index 5930a311..cab79750 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/alibaba/excel/write/executor/ExcelWriteFillExecutor.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/alibaba/excel/write/executor/ExcelWriteFillExecutor.java
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
 
+import com.alibaba.excel.exception.ExcelCommonException;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellType;
@@ -368,6 +369,9 @@ public class ExcelWriteFillExecutor extends AbstractExcelWriteExecutor {
             return analysisCellList;
         }
         Sheet sheet = writeContext.writeSheetHolder().getCachedSheet();
+        if (sheet.getLastRowNum() == 0) {
+            throw new ExcelCommonException(sheet.getSheetName() + " not exists in the excel to be written");
+        }
         Map<String, Set<Integer>> firstRowCache = new HashMap<String, Set<Integer>>(8);
         for (int i = 0; i <= sheet.getLastRowNum(); i++) {
             Row row = sheet.getRow(i);