diff --git a/src/main/java/com/alibaba/excel/write/executor/ExcelWriteFillExecutor.java b/src/main/java/com/alibaba/excel/write/executor/ExcelWriteFillExecutor.java
index 1c45c49d..30cc4ab2 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/alibaba/excel/write/executor/ExcelWriteFillExecutor.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/alibaba/excel/write/executor/ExcelWriteFillExecutor.java
@@ -367,6 +367,9 @@ public class ExcelWriteFillExecutor extends AbstractExcelWriteExecutor {
             return analysisCellList;
         }
         Sheet sheet = writeContext.writeSheetHolder().getCachedSheet();
+        if (sheet.getLastRowNum() == 0) {
+            throw new ExcelCommonException(sheet.getSheetName() + " not exists in the excel to be written");
+        }
         Map<String, Set<Integer>> firstRowCache = MapUtils.newHashMapWithExpectedSize(8);
         for (int i = 0; i <= sheet.getLastRowNum(); i++) {
             Row row = sheet.getRow(i);